Physics involves the study of matter and its motion, energy and force. Physicists strive to understand nature at its fundamental level, from the path of a marble rolling off a table to the collective state of electrons in a superconductor. The Physics Department at Binghamton University offers tracks in pure physics, mathematical physics, engineering physics and applied physics. The department offers a bachelor of science degree in physics for students who want recognition of increased concentration in physics. The BS degree in physics requires PHYS 121 and 122 (or 131 and 132), 227, 323, 327, 331, 332, 341, 411, 421, 422, 427 and 428 or 429 (a total of 12 full courses in physics), MATH 221 (or Math 224, Math 225), MATH 222 (or Math 226, Math 227), 323, 371 and 471, and CHEM 111 (or 107 and 108). If the student does not possess knowledge of a computer programming language, he or she should take a course or half-course in computer programming during the first two years.