博士学位的目标是：<br> <br> <br>在生态系统科学与管理系的三个主题领域之一中获得最高水平的奖学金和独立研究。以学术的方式代表了该系计划范围内对知识的重大贡献，并<br>发展了与该系主题领域之一相关的基础科学学科的能力。<br>博士学位候选人必须发展并展示构思和进行独立研究的能力。该学位旨在培养出精通科学原理并能够进行学术教学和/或学术研究的科学家。<br> <br>即使已经开始了课程工作和论文研究，但仍被录取为居留权，因此被博士学位完全接受该计划要求在居住期早期通过候选人资格考试。学生必须在参
The objectives of the PhD degree are: to attain the highest level of scholarship and independent research in one of the three subject matter areas within the Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, to conduct original research in a scholarly manner which represents a significant contribution to knowledge within the scope of the Department's programs, and to develop a proficiency in a basic scientific discipline in relation to one of the Department's subject matter areas. The PhD candidate must develop and demonstrate the ability to conceive and conduct independent research. The degree is designed to produce a scientist proficient in scientific principles and capable of academic teaching and/or scholarly research. Following admission to residency, even if course work and thesis research have been initiated, full acceptance in the PhD program requires passing the Candidacy Examination early in the residency period. The student must be registered during the semester that the Candidacy Exam is administered.