生物学是一门科学学科，涉及生物的起源，历史，物理特征，生命过程和习惯。现代生物学的历史可以追溯到19世纪，当时像亚历山大·冯·洪堡（Alexander von Humboldt）这样的探险家-自然主义者试图阐明生物与环境之间的相互作用以及这些关系取决于地理的方式，从而为生物地理学和生态学奠定了基础。随着遗传密码的破解和中央教条的建立，生物学在很大程度上由有机生物学组成，包括生态学，系统学，古生物学，进化生物学，发育生物学以及其他涉及整个生物或一组生物的学科。以及与分子生物学相关的学科群，包括细胞生物学，生
Biology is a discipline of science dealing with the origin, history, physical characteristics, life processes and habits of living organisms. Modern biology can be traced back to the 19th century, when explorer-naturalists such as Alexander von Humboldt tried to elucidate the interactions between organisms and their environment, and the ways these relationships depend on geography - creating the foundations for biogeography and ecology. Following the cracking of the genetic code and the establishment of the Central Dogma, biology has largely split between organismal biology-consisting of ecology, systematics, paleontology, evolutionary biology, developmental biology, and other disciplines that deal with whole organisms or groups of organisms-and the constellation of disciplines related to molecular biology-including cell biology, biophysics, biochemistry, neuroscience, immunology, and many other overlapping subjects.