LETTERS OF RECOMMENDATION: At least two letters of recommendation should be submitted electronically through the online application system. Once you have submitted the contact information for a particular reference within the online application, that individual will receive instructions via e-mail for submitting a letter of recommendation on your behalf. Letters of recommendation should be sought from faculty in your proposed field of study who are sufficiently familiar with your work to make a comprehensive evaluation of your abilities. If you have already undertaken a graduate program, at least one of the letters should be from a faculty member who is familiar with your academic performance at the graduate level. TRANSCRIPTS: Applicants must upload unofficial transcripts of their entire post-secondary academic record to the online application, including all undergraduate- and graduate-level coursework. Unofficial transcripts are sufficient for the faculty’s review of your application. If you accept an offer of admission to the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, you will be asked to provide official transcripts from each college or university you have attended to the GSAS Admissions Office. STATEMENT OF PURPOSE Please address the following points in your statement: What research or life experiences do you bring that you think will make you successful in our PhD program? What fields are you interested in pursuing in your PhD and why? What approaches would you like to use in your PhD research? What faculty in our program do you think would be well-suited to guide you in this work? What are your personal and professional goals and how do you think our program will help you achieve those goals? Please limit your submission to between 500 and 1000 words. All international students must submit TOEFL scores. The minimum internet-based (iBT) TOEFL score requirement is 90 (including sectional minimums of 22 in speaking, 22 in writing, 23 in reading and 23 in listening). The minimum paper-based TOEFL score requirement is 600. Applicants may submit scores from the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) instead of TOEFL scores. The minimum IELTS score requirement is 7.0 Applicants must upload unofficial transcripts of their entire post-secondary academic record to the online application, including all undergraduate- and graduate-level coursework. Applicants are expected to have achieved a minimum GPA of 3.0 in their undergraduate programs.