The concentration in Europe focuses on the history, politics, art, and literature of the countries of modern Europe. Note: Course offerings will vary from semester to semester, and there are invariably new courses or special topics classes which are applicable to this concentration but do not appear on the list below. A scheduling guide listing course offerings will be circulated before scheduling begins for each semester. Also students who study abroad can ask to count courses taken abroad toward their concentration. Generally any course focusing on modern Europe (since 1500) can be applied to the concentration