The Ph.D. in Applied Anthropology, initiated in 1984, was the first doctoral major of its kind and has to date awarded more than 140 degrees.The major is designed to prepare students to conduct research, teach, and practice in both academic and nonacademic settings. Students participate in either a structured research internship or independent field research for two consecutive semesters. Students must choose one of four tracks, which guide curriculum and required courses: Archaeology, Biological Anthropology, Cultural Anthropology, or Medical Anthropology. In addition, students can select elective courses to fulfill an optional concentration in Archaeological and Forensic Sciences, Biocultural Medical Anthropology, Cultural Resource Management, or Heritage Studies.