As part of the MS degree, our program emphasizes - Acquisition of a broad knowledge of astronomy and familiarity with both observational and theoretical techniques,<br>Exposure to a variety of advanced and specialized topics in modern astronomy,<br>Extensive hands-on research, including supervised research projects undertaken by all MS students,<br>Experience presenting talks reviewing the literature and describing new research.<br>The core of the graduate astronomy curriculum is a series of 600-level three-credit courses that provide a broad base to which specialized knowledge can later be added. PhD students entering with a Bachelor's degree typically take at least six of these courses, including ASTR 633 (Astrophysical Techniques). Most courses are taught on a two-year cycle, but ASTR 699DR (to become ASTR 601) and ASTR 635 are currently offered each Fall.<br><br>In addition, there are a number of 700-level courses, most consisting of specialized seminars on topics closely related to ongoing research at the Institute. These may be given for 1-3 credits. Most courses change from year to year and some are taught by visiting scientists, seven 700-level seminars, ASTR 740, 750, 758, 760, 777, 790 and 701 are presently offered on a regular basis. Students need to take at least three credits of 700-level seminar courses.<br>Normally students take all their courses within the astronomy program. However, a student may ask the graduate chair for permission to substitute a course from another program, such as physics, mathematics, or planetary geosciences, so long as the substitution forms part of a coherent plan of study.<br>There's no substitute for real astronomical research experience early in one's graduate career. The IfA graduate program puts considerable emphasis on research, even during the first two years when students are also taking formal courses. This research is normally done in collaboration with a faculty advisor as Directed Research (ASTR 699).<br><br>During their first semester, students are required to take ASTR 699DR, a directed reading course surveying ongoing research at the IfA. During their second, third and fourth semesters students normally carry out two substantial pieces of research, usually with two different faculty advisors. An independent oversight committee (the GROG) assists in the selection of research topics, and offers advice and feedback throughout the pre-thesis research period. The GROG is also responsible for evaluating papers and presentations. The 699 research projects are subject to a code of conduct.