定向和移动性是低视力和盲人康复中的一门令人兴奋的学科，它教人们在环境中安全，高效和独立地旅行。定向是从心理上组织环境并确定一个人在该环境中的位置的过程。流动性是安全，优雅地在环境中移动的行为。定向和行动专家通过以下方法教盲人或视力障碍人士出差：评估个人当前与出行相关的技能，讨论目标并帮助个人选择可以最大程度发挥出差潜力的教学计划。通过听觉，剩余视力和其他感官教人们旅行。教导人们在旅行时使用长拐杖，并建立和保持方向。西密歇根大学的学生准备成为迎新和流动性专家，他们总共学习了37个学时。这包括实习和实习，可为
Orientation and mobility is an exciting discipline in low vision and blind rehabilitation that teaches people to travel safely, efficiently and independently in their environment. Orientation is the process of mentally organizing the environment and determining one's location within that environment. Mobility is the act of moving through the environment in a safe and graceful manner. An orientation and mobility specialist teaches people who are blind or visually impaired to travel by:<br><br>Assessing an individual's current travel-related skills, discussing goals and helping the individual to select a program of instruction that will allow for achieving the greatest travel potential.<br>Teaching people to travel by using their hearing, remaining vision and other senses.<br>Teaching people to use a long cane for travel and to establish and maintain orientation while traveling.<br>Orientation and mobility specialists work with people across the lifespan, from infants to senior citizens. The majority of clients on an orientation and mobility instructor's caseload tend to have some remaining vision. It is also common to have clients with additional disabilities such as traumatic brain injury, hearing impairments, physical impairments or cognitive impairments.<br><br>There has been a national shortage of orientation and mobility specialists for several years. Individuals willing to relocate generally have little difficulty in finding employment. Orientation and mobility specialists may work in schools, at agencies for the blind or visually impaired, at Veteran Administration Medical Centers and at universities and colleges. Many orientation and mobility specialists, after gaining experience in the field, contract to schools and agencies as part of their own private practice.