Students with outstanding qualifications may apply to either of two MD/PhD programs. Students interested in obtaining a combined MD/PhD, with an emphasis on basic research in biomedical engineering, are strongly encouraged to explore the Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP), administered by the School of Medicine. The MD/PhD programs require approximately 7-8 years of intensive study after the BS. Interested students should apply through the MSTP office in the Medical School.Typical GPA is greater than 3.5/4.0, but the the students from highly competitive universities may have a lower GPA.Students admitted to our BME graduate education program typically have a B.S. or M.S. in engineering, natural sciences, or mathematical sciences. A minimal mathematical background includes calculus through differential equations. A minimal science and engineering background includes a combined total of three years of physical, chemical, and engineering sciences. Undergraduate course grades should average higher than a B or undergraduate class ranking should be in the top 20 percent. In previous graduate studies.TOEFL-100 ,