The Materials Group in MME includes experts in processing, structural/chemical characterization, mechanical testing, and modelling of metals and ceramics. There are particular research strengths in materials for the Nuclear, Automotive materials, Aerospace, and Energy Conversion industries. Other materials research areas at Queen's can be found in collaborating Departments see the links in the side bar.<br>The PhD program is a research based program that also includes a thesis. It provides candidates with advanced knowledge preparing them for a career in research in university, government or industry sectors. The minimum requirements beyond a Master's degree are four graduate level courses, passing of comprehensive exams, plus a thesis satisfactorily defended. The candidate must make an original contribution to the existing knowledge of the subject and is expected to publish the findings in refereed journals. Generally, the Ph.D. program takes four (4) years to complete.